Page 5 - China Destination Guide - Alluring Asia

Family Planning Policy time, a section of the Chinese Communist leadership sought to rally popular opposition against another leadership group. China has almost 20% of the world's total population. To China was set on a course of political and social anarchy which lasted the control rapid growth in the better part of a decade. In the early stages of the Cultural Revolution, Mao population growth and to ensure and his closest comrade in arms National Defense Minister Lin Biao, quality of life, 'Family Planning', charged Liu, Deng, and other top party leaders with dragging China back is one of China's basic state toward capitalism. policies, since 1978. As a measure to avoid over population, late PAGE 3 marriage and postponement of The ideological struggle between more pragmatic, veteran party officials Population | Time | Visas childbearing means fewer but and the radicals re emerged with a vengeance in late 1975. Mao's wife, Insurance | History Jiang Qing, and three close Cultural Revolution associates (later dubbed healthier babies, something that is greatly encouraged by the the Gang of Four") launched a media campaign against Deng. In January of PAGE 4-6 History government. In 1979, China 1976 Premier Zhou Enlai a popular political figure died of cancer. On April became the first country to launch 5 Beijing citizens staged a spontaneous demonstration in Tiananmen PAGE 7 the 'one child per couple' policy. Square in Zhou's memory with strong political overtones in support of Government | Language Deng. The authorities forcibly suppressed the demonstration. Deng was However, for those who endure PAGE 8 blamed for the disorder and stripped of all official positions although he more strenuous lives in Climate retained his party membership. countryside and where there is a PAGE 9 greater need for manual labor, The Land | People | Religion they are allowed to have their The Post-Mao Era second baby several years later Mao's death in September 1976 removed a towering figure from Chinese PAGE 10 after the birth of the first one. A politics and set off a scramble for succession. Former Minister of Pubic Currency | Credit Cards more liberal policy is also Security Hua Guofeng was quickly confirmed as Party Chairman and Changing Money | Tipping followed in ethnic minority areas. Premier. A month after Mao's death Hua backed by the PLA arrested Jiang PAGE 11 Generally, two children are Qing and other members of the "Gang of Four." After extensive Etiquette | Health & Vaccinations allowed for one family, sometimes deliberations the Chinese Communist Party leadership reinstated Deng three. For extremely PAGE 12 underpopulated minorities, there Xiaoping to all of his previous posts at the 11th Party Congress in August Communications | What to Pack 1977. Deng then led the effort to place government control in the hands of is no limitation on childbirth. veteran party officials opposed to the radical excesses of the previous two PAGE 13 decades. Shopping | Customs PAGE 14-15 The new pragmatic leadership emphasized economic development and Food & Drinks renounced mass political movements. At the pivotal December 1978 Third Plenum (of the 11th Party Congress Central Committee) the leadership PAGE 16-17 adopted economic reform policies aimed at expanding rural income and Culture & The Arts | Religion incentives encouraging experiments in enterprise autonomy reducing central planning and establishing direct foreign investment in China. After 1979 the Chinese leadership moved toward more pragmatic positions in almost all fields. The party encouraged artists writers and journalists to adopt more critical approaches although open attacks on party authority were not permitted. In late 1980 Mao's Cultural Revolution was officially